Goiânia, Brazil, South America
 
 
Year1937latitude: -16° 43'
longitude: -49° 18'
Period
Initiator(s)
Planning organizationGovernment of Goiás
Nationality initiator(s)Brazilian
Designer(s) / Architect(s)Attilio Correia Lima
Armando Augusto Godoi
Design organization
Inhabitants1,301,892 (2010)
Target population
Town websitehttp://www.goiania.go.gov.br/
Town related links
Literature- Borges Lemos, Celina and Jackson, Elizabeth; The Modernization of Brazilian Urban Space as a Political Symbol of the Republic; 1995 In: The journal of decorative and propaganda artsArticle Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1504140

type of New Town: > scale of autonomy
New-Town-in-Town
Satellite
New Town
Company Town
> client
Private Corporation
Public Corporation
> policy
Capital
Decentralization
Industrialization
Resettlement
Economic
 
As Belo Horizonte, Goiânia was part of the Brazilian plans to develop the interior and to plan cities that could represent the new government and the future of political and economic reforms.The plan to relocate the capital of Goiás came into being at the end of the 19th century, But in 1930, when the dictator Getulio Vargas came to power, there was new support for this plan, because Belo Horizonte had shown that a city can give expression to a political system. In 1932 it was decided that the new city of Goiânia was to be located 100 kilometers from the former capital of Goiás and that Attilio Correia Lima would be the architect. Correia was an architect who was specializing in urbanism and who worked with french principles for the organization of cities. He designed the plan for Goiânia in a neoclassical fashion. The city has two dominating urbn orientations in its plan. First the city plan contains two broad axes that intersect in the centre and divide the city in four sectors. Second, the city's administrative centre is located in the northern edge of the plan from where radial roads are projected to form a triangle that is demarkated in the southern edge of the plan by a curved boulevard. These urban expression put cities in mind like Versaille and Karlsruhe where the urban plans were concieved as expressions of the rulers power over the land. After Correia had concieved this plan, it was reshaped by the urbanist Armando Augusto Gordoi. An important feature that Gordoi changed was the location of parks and wood areas. Correia had includes these areas in the urban structure and Godoi decided to encircle the built environment with parks and woods. Referring to the garden cities of Howard, Godoi wanted to make sure that the future expansion of the city would take place at some distance of city core in the form of satelite cities.

The political contexts of the creation of Goiânia and the two architects that worked on the plan for the city, resulted in a contradictory urban plan. On the one hand the city follows the ideals of the modern, industrial European city, a city of grandeur and a symbol of power, putting the focus on the administrative centre. On the other hand the city also contains the post WWI priniciples of modernity by the implementation of green zones, seperate residential neighborhoods, landscaping and the projection of future growth in satelite cities. This way Goiânia's urban forms came to represent the political ideals of dictator Vargas and the ideals of modernity and progress.

source: Borges Lemos, Celina and Jackson, Elizabeth; The Modernization of Brazilian Urban Space as a Political Symbol of the Republic; 1995 In: The journal of decorative and propaganda artsArticle Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1504140

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